rpm 包管理基本技能

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• rpm 包管理基本技能
  • 讨论点
  • RPM 包管理基本操作
    • 常用 RPM 命令
    • RPM 包查询
    • RPM 包校验
    • 签名校验
    • 解压RPM包
  • 编译自己的 RPM 包
    • 配置编译环境
    • 创建 rpm 包
    • RPM Spec 文件
  • 实战
    • 源代码准备
    • 编译无 spec 文件的源代码为 rpm 包
    • 编译自带 spec 文件的源代码为 RPM包
    • 编译 SRPM 包到二进制 RPM包

讨论点

• RPM 包管理基本操作
• 编译自己的 RPM 包
• 创建可下载的 RPM 包
• 高级 RPM 打包技术

RPM 包管理基本操作

• RPM means Redhat Package Management
• RedHat 系列， Fedora 系列，CentOS 系列以及其他部分国产Linux操作系统 使用 RPM
• 由软件包以及一套脚本组成

常用 RPM 命令

• 安装
• rpm -ivh <package name>
• 更新
• rpm -Uvh <package name>
• 刷新
• rpm -Fvh <package name>
• 删除
• `rpm -e

RPM 包查询

• rpm -q[option] <package name>

• -qi: 查询包基本信息

$ rpm -qi kernel
Name        : kernel
Version     : 3.10.0
Release     : 957.el7
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: Wed 10 Jun 2020 06:01:23 PM CST
Group       : System Environment/Kernel
Size        : 66205689
License     : GPLv2
Signature   : RSA/SHA256, Fri 05 Oct 2018 08:48:54 AM CST, Key ID 199e2f91fd431d51
Source RPM  : kernel-3.10.0-957.el7.src.rpm
Build Date  : Fri 05 Oct 2018 05:13:25 AM CST
Build Host  : x86-040.build.eng.bos.redhat.com
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Packager    : Red Hat, Inc. <http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla>
Vendor      : Red Hat, Inc.
URL         : http://www.kernel.org/
Summary     : The Linux kernel
Description :
The kernel package contains the Linux kernel (vmlinuz), the core of any
Linux operating system.  The kernel handles the basic functions
of the operating system: memory allocation, process allocation, device
input and output, etc.

• -ql: 列出包包含的文件

$ rpm -ql bind-utils
/etc/trusted-key.key
/usr/bin/dig
/usr/bin/host
/usr/bin/nslookup
/usr/bin/nsupdate
/usr/share/man/man1/dig.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/host.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/nslookup.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/nsupdate.1.gz

• -qf: 查询文件属于哪个包

$ rpm -qf /usr/bin/sudo
sudo-1.9.5-3.el7.x86_64

• --queryformat 指定查询的输出格式

rpm -q --queryformat "[%-50{FILENAMES} %10{FILESIZES}\n]" bind-utils
/etc/trusted-key.key                                      750
/usr/bin/dig                                           129472
/usr/bin/host                                          117336
/usr/bin/nslookup                                      117240
/usr/bin/nsupdate                                       62304
/usr/share/man/man1/dig.1.gz                             7339
/usr/share/man/man1/host.1.gz                            3058
/usr/share/man/man1/nslookup.1.gz                        2465
/usr/share/man/man1/nsupdate.1.gz                        5229

• --querytags 列出有效的标签，用于 queryformat

$ rpm -q --querytags bind-utils |head -n10
ARCH
ARCHIVESIZE
BASENAMES
BUGURL
BUILDARCHS
BUILDHOST
BUILDTIME
C
CHANGELOGNAME
CHANGELOGTEXT

• -p ：查询没有安装的包，直接查询 RPM 包本身

$ rpm -qpi nginx-1.23.1-1.el7.ngx.src.rpm
警告：nginx-1.23.1-1.el7.ngx.src.rpm: 头V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, 密钥 ID 7bd9bf62: NOKEY
Name        : nginx
Epoch       : 1
Version     : 1.23.1
Release     : 1.el7.ngx
Architecture: aarch64
Install Date: (not installed)
Group       : System Environment/Daemons
Size        : 1132326
License     : 2-clause BSD-like license
Signature   : RSA/SHA256, 2022年07月19日 星期二 23时46分23秒, Key ID abf5bd827bd9bf62
Source RPM  : (none)
Build Date  : 2022年07月19日 星期二 23时21分32秒
Build Host  : ip-10-1-17-54.eu-central-1.compute.internal
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Vendor      : NGINX Packaging <nginx-packaging@f5.com>
URL         : https://nginx.org/
Summary     : High performance web server
Description :
nginx [engine x] is an HTTP and reverse proxy server, as well as
a mail proxy server.

• -a : 列出所有已经安装的包

$ rpm -qa |head -n10
iftop-1.0-0.21.pre4.el7.x86_64
libref_array-0.1.5-32.el7.x86_64
libpipeline-1.2.3-3.el7.x86_64
python-magic-5.11-35.el7.noarch
libsane-hpaio-3.15.9-3.el7.x86_64
liberation-fonts-common-1.07.2-16.el7.noarch
libblockdev-nvdimm-2.18-3.el7.x86_64
sysvinit-tools-2.88-14.dsf.el7.x86_64
python-blivet-0.61.15.72-1.el7.noarch
python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1.noarch

$ rpm -qa --queryformat "[%-50{NAME}\n]" |head -n10
iftop
libref_array
libpipeline
python-magic
libsane-hpaio
liberation-fonts-common
libblockdev-nvdimm
sysvinit-tools
python-blivet
python-chardet

• --scripts: 查询包所内置的脚本

$  rpm -q --scripts nginx
postinstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):

if [ $1 -eq 1 ] ; then
        # Initial installation
        systemctl preset nginx.service >/dev/null 2>&1 || :
fi
preuninstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):

if [ $1 -eq 0 ] ; then
        # Package removal, not upgrade
        systemctl --no-reload disable nginx.service > /dev/null 2>&1 || :
        systemctl stop nginx.service > /dev/null 2>&1 || :
fi
postuninstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):

systemctl daemon-reload >/dev/null 2>&1 || :

if [ $1 -ge 1 ]; then
    /usr/bin/nginx-upgrade >/dev/null 2>&1 || :
fi

RPM 包校验

• rpm -V[option] <package name>

• 通过指定的维度来比较目前软件包的文件状态和 RPM 数据库中文件状态的对比

• 可以比较文件大小，MD5 值，权限，类型，属组等

$ rpm -qV  nginx
S.5....T.  c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

标识	含义
5	MD5校验和
S	文件大小
L	符号连接
T	修改时间
D	设备
U	用户
G	组
M	模式(包括许可和文件类型)

签名校验

• rpm {-K|--checksig} <package file>

• 用来检验包的 gpg/pgp 签名是否正确

# rpm -K net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm
net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm: rsa sha1 (md5) pgp md5 确定

# rpm -K zabbix-agent-5.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-agent-5.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: RSA sha1 (MD5) PGP md5 不正确

解压RPM包

• 通过把 RPM 包转成 cpio 流的方式间接解压

# rpm2cpio net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm |cpio -id
1849 块
# tree -L 2 .
.
├── bin
│   └── netstat
├── sbin
│   ├── arp
│   ├── ether-wake
│   ├── ifconfig
│   ├── ipmaddr
│   ├── iptunnel
│   ├── mii-diag
│   ├── mii-tool
│   ├── nameif
│   ├── plipconfig
│   ├── route
│   └── slattach
└── usr
    ├── lib
    └── share

5 directories, 12 files

编译自己的 RPM 包

简单讲述如何创建一个 RPM 包

配置编译环境

• 不要使用 root 帐号来做 rpm 包编译操作

• $HOME/.rpmmacros 配置（可选)

• %_topdir /path/to/rpm/build/env

• 默认是 $HOME/rpmbuild

• 创建需要的目录

• ~/rpmbuild/BUILD

• ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/<arch>

• ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/noarch

• ~/rpmbuild/SOURCES

• ~/rpmbuild/SPECS

• ~/rpmbuild/SRPMS

• rpmdevtools 提升效率

• rpmdev-setuptree

目录	用途
BUILD	编译时， 变量 %buildroot 指向该目录，他包含编译是的中间文件产出，包括编译日志等。
RPMS	保存编译出来的二进制 RPM 包目录。它包含 CPU 架构有关的子目录，比如 x86_64 和 noarch.
SOURCES	源代码和补丁文件所在目录
SPECS	spec 文件所在目录
SRPMS	当用 rpmbuid 来编译一个 SRPM 包而不是二进制 RPM 包时，会放在此目录。

创建 rpm 包

rpmbuild 是用来创建 rpm 包的命令，他提供了多种途径来编译 rpm 包，下面列出最常用的

参数	含义
-bp	依据 <specfile> 从 %prep (解压缩源代码并应用补丁) 开始构建
-ba	依据 <specfile> 构建源代码和二进制软件包
-bb	依据 <specfile> 构建二进制软件包
-bs	依据 <specfile> 构建源代码软件包
-ta	依据 <tarball> 构建源代码和二进制软件包
-tb	依据 <tarball> 构建二进制软件包
-ts	依据 <tarball> 构建源代码软件包
--rebuild	依据 <source package> 构建二进制软件包

• 需要软件源代码，补丁（如有）以及 spec 文件

RPM Spec 文件

spec 文件内容分成以下内容

区域	定义
%description	A full description of the software packaged in the RPM. This description can span multiple lines and can be broken into paragraphs.
%prep	Command or series of commands to prepare the software to be built, for example, unpacking the archive in Source0. This directive can contain a shell script.
%build	Command or series of commands for actually building the software into machine code (for compiled languages) or byte code (for some interpreted languages).
%install	Command or series of commands for copying the desired build artifacts from the %builddir(where the build happens) to the %buildroot directory (which contains the directory structure with the files to be packaged). This usually means copying files from ~/rpmbuild/BUILD to ~/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT and creating the necessary directories in ~/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT. This is only run when creating a package, not when the end-user installs the package. See Working with SPEC files for details.
%check	Command or series of commands to test the software. This normally includes things such as unit tests.
%files	The list of files that will be installed in the end user’s system.
%changelog	A record of changes that have happened to the package between different Version or Releasebuilds.

每个区域部分都可以使用预先定义的指令，列举如下：

SPEC 指定	定义
Name	The base name of the package, which should match the SPEC file name.
Version	The upstream version number of the software.
Release	The number of times this version of the software was released. Normally, set the initial value to 1%{?dist}, and increment it with each new release of the package. Reset to 1 when a new Version of the software is built.
Summary	A brief, one-line summary of the package.
License	The license of the software being packaged. For packages distributed in community distributions such as Fedora this must be an open source license abiding by the specific distribution’s licensing guidelines.
URL	The full URL for more information about the program. Most often this is the upstream project website for the software being packaged.
Source0	Path or URL to the compressed archive of the upstream source code (unpatched, patches are handled elsewhere). This should point to an accessible and reliable storage of the archive, for example, the upstream page and not the packager’s local storage. If needed, more SourceX directives can be added, incrementing the number each time, for example: Source1, Source2, Source3, and so on.
Patch0	The name of the first patch to apply to the source code if necessary. If needed, more PatchX directives can be added, incrementing the number each time, for example: Patch1, Patch2, Patch3, and so on.
BuildArch	If the package is not architecture dependent, for example, if written entirely in an interpreted programming language, set this to BuildArch: noarch. If not set, the package automatically inherits the Architecture of the machine on which it is built, for example x86_64.
BuildRequires	A comma- or whitespace-separated list of packages required for building the program written in a compiled language. There can be multiple entries of BuildRequires, each on its own line in the SPEC file.
Requires	A comma- or whitespace-separated list of packages required by the software to run once installed. There can be multiple entries of Requires, each on its own line in the SPEC file.
ExcludeArch	If a piece of software can not operate on a specific processor architecture, you can exclude that architecture here.

实战

从三种场景来编译 rpm 二进制包，

源代码准备

我们假定有一个自创的项目，源代码只包含一个 cello.c

内容如下：

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {
    printf("Hello World\n");
    return 0;
}

构建 Makefile 文件

cello:
        gcc -g -o cello cello.c

clean:
        rm cello

install:
        mkdir -p $(DESTDIR)/usr/bin
        install -m 0755 cello $(DESTDIR)/usr/bin/cello

提供一个 LICENSE 文件

$ cat LICENSE

This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

把源代码放到压缩包里

$ ls  -w1 cello-0.1/
cello.c
LICENSE
Makefile

$ tar -cvzf cello-1.0.tar.gz cello-0.1/
cello-0.1/
cello-0.1/Makefile
cello-0.1/cello.c
cello-0.1/LICENSE

把源代码放到 rpm 编译环境

mv cello-0.1.tar.gz ~/rpmbuild/SOURCES

编译无 spec 文件的源代码为 rpm 包

使用 rpmdev-newspec 创建 spec 模板文件

$ rpmdev-newspec -o rpmbuild/SPECS/cello.spec
rpmbuild/SPECS/cello.spec created; type minimal, rpm version >= 4.11.

$ cat rpmbuild/SPECS/cello.spec
Name:           cello
Version:
Release:        1%{?dist}
Summary:

License:
URL:
Source0:

BuildRequires:
Requires:

%description


%prep
%setup -q


%build
%configure
make %{?_smp_mflags}


%install
rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
%make_install


%files
%doc



%changelog

完善配置文件

自行填充上述模板文件的空白内容，如下：

Name:           cello
Version:        0.1
Release:        1%{?dist}
Summary:       Hello World example implemented in C programming language

License:       GPLv3+
URL:            https://example.com/%{name}
Source0:       https://example.com/%{name}/release/%{name}-%{version}.tar.gz

BuildRequires:  gcc, make

%description
The long-tail description for our Hello World Example implemented in
C programming language.

%prep
%setup -q


%build
make %{?_smp_mflags}


%install
rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
%make_install


%files
%doc
%license LICENSE
%{_bindir}/%{name}


%changelog
* Thu Feb 23 2023 Steven Zhao <zhaoweiguo@lczq.com> - 0.1-1
- First bello package
- Example second item in the changelog for version-release 0.1-1

开始编译

$ rpmbuild -bb rpmbuild/SPECS/cello.spec
执行(%prep): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.fbkOro
+ umask 022
+ cd /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ cd /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ rm -rf cello-0.1
+ /usr/bin/gzip -dc /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/SOURCES/cello-0.1.tar.gz
+ /usr/bin/tar -xf -
+ STATUS=0
+ '[' 0 -ne 0 ']'
+ cd cello-0.1
+ /usr/bin/chmod -Rf a+rX,u+w,g-w,o-w .
+ exit 0
执行(%build): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.s3374A
+ umask 022
+ cd /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ cd cello-0.1
+ make -j6
gcc -g -o cello cello.c
+ exit 0
执行(%install): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.j5LTBO
+ umask 022
+ cd /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ '[' /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64 '!=' / ']'
+ rm -rf /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
++ dirname /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
+ mkdir -p /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT
+ mkdir /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
+ cd cello-0.1
+ rm -rf /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
+ /usr/bin/make install DESTDIR=/home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
mkdir -p /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64/usr/bin
install -m 0755 cello /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64/usr/bin/cello
+ /usr/lib/rpm/find-debuginfo.sh --strict-build-id -m --run-dwz --dwz-low-mem-die-limit 10000000 --dwz-max-die-limit 110000000 /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD/cello-0.1
extracting debug info from /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64/usr/bin/cello
dwz: Too few files for multifile optimization
/usr/lib/rpm/sepdebugcrcfix: Updated 1 CRC32s, 0 CRC32s did match.
1 block
+ /usr/lib/rpm/check-buildroot
+ /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/brp-compress
+ /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/brp-strip-static-archive /usr/bin/strip
+ /usr/lib/rpm/brp-python-bytecompile /usr/bin/python 1
+ /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/brp-python-hardlink
+ /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/brp-java-repack-jars
处理文件：cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
执行(%license): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.8tkaP3
+ umask 022
+ cd /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ cd cello-0.1
+ LICENSEDIR=/home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64/usr/share/licenses/cello-0.1
+ export LICENSEDIR
+ /usr/bin/mkdir -p /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64/usr/share/licenses/cello-0.1
+ cp -pr LICENSE /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64/usr/share/licenses/cello-0.1
+ exit 0
Provides: cello = 0.1-1.el7.centos cello(x86-64) = 0.1-1.el7.centos
Requires(rpmlib): rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1 rpmlib(FileDigests) <= 4.6.0-1 rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1
Requires: libc.so.6()(64bit) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.2.5)(64bit) rtld(GNU_HASH)
处理文件：cello-debuginfo-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
Provides: cello-debuginfo = 0.1-1.el7.centos cello-debuginfo(x86-64) = 0.1-1.el7.centos
Requires(rpmlib): rpmlib(FileDigests) <= 4.6.0-1 rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1 rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1
检查未打包文件：/usr/lib/rpm/check-files /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
写道:/home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
写道:/home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/cello-debuginfo-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
执行(%clean): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.17LUhO
+ umask 022
+ cd /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ cd cello-0.1
+ /usr/bin/rm -rf /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
+ exit 0

查看文件

$ ls  -w1 rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm

$ rpm -qpi rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
Name        : cello
Version     : 0.1
Release     : 1.el7.centos
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: (not installed)
Group       : Unspecified
Size        : 7820
License     : GPLv3+
Signature   : (none)
Source RPM  : cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.src.rpm
Build Date  : 2023年02月23日 星期四 16时40分15秒
Build Host  : backend
Relocations : (not relocatable)
URL         : https://example.com/cello
Summary     : Hello World example implemented in C programming language
Description :
The long-tail description for our Hello World Example implemented in
C programming language.

$ rpm -qpl rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
/usr/bin/cello
/usr/share/licenses/cello-0.1
/usr/share/licenses/cello-0.1/LICENSE

生成 SRPM 包

$ rpmbuild -bs rpmbuild/SPECS/cello.spec
写道:/home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/SRPMS/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.src.rpm

生成带 spec 文件的源代码压缩包

编译自带 spec 文件的源代码为 RPM包

如果你下载的源代码里包含了 spec 文件，比如下面这样

$ tar -tzf cello-0.1.tar.gz
cello-0.1/
cello-0.1/Makefile
cello-0.1/cello.c
cello-0.1/LICENSE
cello-0.1/cello.spec

那么可以直接使用 rpmbuild 来编译

$ rpmbuild -tb cello-0.1.tar.gz
执行(%prep): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.5SLEw2
+ umask 022
+ cd /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ cd /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ rm -rf cello-0.1
+ /usr/bin/gzip -dc /var/tmp/cello-0.1.tar.gz
+ /usr/bin/tar -xf -
+ STATUS=0
+ '[' 0 -ne 0 ']'
+ cd cello-0.1
+ /usr/bin/chmod -Rf a+rX,u+w,g-w,o-w .
+ exit 0
执行(%build): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.tEJFy9
+ umask 022
+ cd /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ cd cello-0.1
+ make -j6
gcc -g -o cello cello.c
+ exit 0
执行(%install): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.vCKRKg
+ umask 022
+ cd /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ '[' /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64 '!=' / ']'
+ rm -rf /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
++ dirname /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
+ mkdir -p /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT
+ mkdir /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
+ cd cello-0.1
+ rm -rf /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
+ /usr/bin/make install DESTDIR=/home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
mkdir -p /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64/usr/bin
install -m 0755 cello /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64/usr/bin/cello
+ /usr/lib/rpm/find-debuginfo.sh --strict-build-id -m --run-dwz --dwz-low-mem-die-limit 10000000 --dwz-max-die-limit 110000000 /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD/cello-0.1
extracting debug info from /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64/usr/bin/cello
dwz: Too few files for multifile optimization
/usr/lib/rpm/sepdebugcrcfix: Updated 1 CRC32s, 0 CRC32s did match.
1 block
+ /usr/lib/rpm/check-buildroot
+ /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/brp-compress
+ /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/brp-strip-static-archive /usr/bin/strip
+ /usr/lib/rpm/brp-python-bytecompile /usr/bin/python 1
+ /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/brp-python-hardlink
+ /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/brp-java-repack-jars
处理文件：cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
执行(%license): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.bGZKPo
+ umask 022
+ cd /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ cd cello-0.1
+ LICENSEDIR=/home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64/usr/share/licenses/cello-0.1
+ export LICENSEDIR
+ /usr/bin/mkdir -p /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64/usr/share/licenses/cello-0.1
+ cp -pr LICENSE /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64/usr/share/licenses/cello-0.1
+ exit 0
Provides: cello = 0.1-1.el7.centos cello(x86-64) = 0.1-1.el7.centos
Requires(rpmlib): rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1 rpmlib(FileDigests) <= 4.6.0-1 rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1
Requires: libc.so.6()(64bit) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.2.5)(64bit) rtld(GNU_HASH)
处理文件：cello-debuginfo-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
Provides: cello-debuginfo = 0.1-1.el7.centos cello-debuginfo(x86-64) = 0.1-1.el7.centos
Requires(rpmlib): rpmlib(FileDigests) <= 4.6.0-1 rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1 rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1
检查未打包文件：/usr/lib/rpm/check-files /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
写道:/home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
写道:/home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/cello-debuginfo-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
执行(%clean): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.jWf8rN
+ umask 022
+ cd /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ cd cello-0.1
+ /usr/bin/rm -rf /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
+ exit 0

编译 SRPM 包到二进制 RPM包

$ rpmbuild --rebuild rpmbuild/SRPMS/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.src.rpm
正在安装 rpmbuild/SRPMS/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.src.rpm
执行(%prep): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.lAlqPt
+ umask 022
+ cd /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ cd /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ rm -rf cello-0.1
+ /usr/bin/gzip -dc /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/SOURCES/cello-0.1.tar.gz
+ /usr/bin/tar -xf -
+ STATUS=0
+ '[' 0 -ne 0 ']'
+ cd cello-0.1
+ /usr/bin/chmod -Rf a+rX,u+w,g-w,o-w .
+ exit 0
执行(%build): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.5iGy8W
+ umask 022
+ cd /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ cd cello-0.1
+ make -j6
gcc -g -o cello cello.c
+ exit 0
执行(%install): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.dla0zq
+ umask 022
+ cd /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ '[' /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64 '!=' / ']'
+ rm -rf /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
++ dirname /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
+ mkdir -p /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT
+ mkdir /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
+ cd cello-0.1
+ rm -rf /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
+ /usr/bin/make install DESTDIR=/home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
mkdir -p /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64/usr/bin
install -m 0755 cello /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64/usr/bin/cello
+ /usr/lib/rpm/find-debuginfo.sh --strict-build-id -m --run-dwz --dwz-low-mem-die-limit 10000000 --dwz-max-die-limit 110000000 /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD/cello-0.1
extracting debug info from /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64/usr/bin/cello
dwz: Too few files for multifile optimization
/usr/lib/rpm/sepdebugcrcfix: Updated 1 CRC32s, 0 CRC32s did match.
1 block
+ /usr/lib/rpm/check-buildroot
+ /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/brp-compress
+ /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/brp-strip-static-archive /usr/bin/strip
+ /usr/lib/rpm/brp-python-bytecompile /usr/bin/python 1
+ /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/brp-python-hardlink
+ /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/brp-java-repack-jars
处理文件：cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
执行(%license): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.xOCrFU
+ umask 022
+ cd /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ cd cello-0.1
+ LICENSEDIR=/home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64/usr/share/licenses/cello-0.1
+ export LICENSEDIR
+ /usr/bin/mkdir -p /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64/usr/share/licenses/cello-0.1
+ cp -pr LICENSE /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64/usr/share/licenses/cello-0.1
+ exit 0
Provides: cello = 0.1-1.el7.centos cello(x86-64) = 0.1-1.el7.centos
Requires(rpmlib): rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1 rpmlib(FileDigests) <= 4.6.0-1 rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1
Requires: libc.so.6()(64bit) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.2.5)(64bit) rtld(GNU_HASH)
处理文件：cello-debuginfo-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
Provides: cello-debuginfo = 0.1-1.el7.centos cello-debuginfo(x86-64) = 0.1-1.el7.centos
Requires(rpmlib): rpmlib(FileDigests) <= 4.6.0-1 rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1 rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1
检查未打包文件：/usr/lib/rpm/check-files /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
写道:/home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
写道:/home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/cello-debuginfo-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
执行(%clean): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.HpZMfn
+ umask 022
+ cd /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ cd cello-0.1
+ /usr/bin/rm -rf /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/cello-0.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
+ exit 0
执行(--clean): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.vhEPtR
+ umask 022
+ cd /home/gitlab-runner/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ rm -rf cello-0.1
+ exit 0